SURVIVAL

• Health does not regenerate from a full hunger bar. To recover, sleep near a lit campfire, eat suspicious stews, drink potions, or eat golden apples.
• Every death costs you a full max heart (minimum 5). PvP deaths don't reduce max hearts unless you're a bandit.
• Sleeping above Y=50 near a lit campfire heals missing HP and has a chance to restore a max heart. Soul Campfires heal more and have a much higher restore chance.
• The lower your max HP, the higher the restore chance. Campfires extinguish after sleeping. You can't sleep through thunder.
• Enchanted golden apples always restore a max heart. Regular ones occasionally do. Craft an enchanted golden apple from 8 gold blocks and 1 golden apple.
• You heal for the share of the night you slept, so you don't need everyone in bed. Every sleeper speeds the night up, and if everyone sleeps it skips to morning.

A blow that would kill you knocks you unconscious instead. You lie on half a heart, blind and bleeding, while a timer runs down. The harder the hit, the less time you have. A big enough hit still kills outright.

• Anything that heals hearts revives an unconscious player. Splash and lingering potions work too, so you can pick a friend up without touching them.
• One knockout per life. A full night's sleep gives it back.
• Logging out while unconscious kills you.
• Right-click an unconscious body to loot it, or right-click it with an iron chain to capture it.

Beds pass the night and heal you, but never set your spawn. To set your respawn point, place a respawn banner.

• Named banner: rename a banner in an anvil to your exact Minecraft username, then place it. This always overrides any other active banner.
• Unnamed banner: just place any standing banner. It becomes your spawn only if you don't already have one set. Wall banners don't count.
• One banner per player. If yours is destroyed, you respawn at spawn town. Banners only work in the Overworld. Exiting the Nether or End sends you to your banner (or spawn town).
• The Recovery Compass is crafted from copper ingots, since coordinates are hidden. Keep one near your banner.

Coordinates and the world seed are disabled. You navigate with what you can see and hold.

• Maps, compasses, and lodestones are your tools. World knowledge is the rest.

There is as much ore in the ground as vanilla, in far fewer and much bigger veins. Ore exposed to air is removed more often than vanilla, so TNT and strip mining are back in fashion.

• Emerald only generates in mountains.
• Gold is common in badlands, and deep under deserts.
• Copper is everywhere except mountains, deserts and badlands.
• Getting it out of the rock is a Miner's trade. Ore is very slow going for everyone else, and TNT they light makes half the blast. See Professions.

Crops and animals both need direct sky access and an altitude of Y > 50. Underground farms and basement barns are dead.

• Crops only grow with nothing above them, and not at all at night. Growth and animal maturation are slower than vanilla. Rain restores vanilla speed for as long as it lasts.
• Harvest crops and nether wart with a hoe. Anything else gives back only a seed, or one wart. The hoe wears as you cut, whoever you are, and the farmland turns to dirt after harvesting unless you're a Farmer.
• Bonemeal grass anywhere for a chance at oxeye daisies (regen stews) and the occasional mushroom on podzol. Nether wart only grows by itself in the Nether. In the Overworld, only a Farmer's bonemeal grows it.
• Overcrowded animals get sick. They take damage, slow down, and drop nothing if they die of disease. Spread your livestock out.

The smoker is the dedicated cooking block. Furnaces and campfires work too, but much more slowly.

• A smoker takes 3 copper blocks and logs around a furnace.
• Cook time scales with the food's "quality": kelp and potatoes are fast, beef and pork are slow. The smoker is 2× faster than a furnace, and a campfire is slowest.

Blast furnaces are the dedicated smelter and the only way to fully recycle gear.

• A blast furnace is made with copper blocks, and unlocks once you have crafted a regular furnace.
• Recycling iron, gold or copper tools, weapons, or armour returns a full ingot in a blast furnace, but only a nugget in a regular furnace. Blast furnaces also give increased XP for these recycles.
• Smelt time depends on ore tier: stone < slate < raw, and nether ores are fastest. Silk Touch the ore and smelt the block rather than raw ore. Blast furnaces roughly halve regular-furnace times for ores.

Armour affects movement speed, piece by piece, so stacking diamond and netherite comes at a cost.

• Faster: leather (+5% per piece), copper (+3%), gold (+2%).
• Chainmail is neutral.
• Slower: iron (-2%), diamond (-3%), netherite (-5%).
• Mixing sets gives you a speed somewhere in between. Pick gear for the situation, not just the highest tier.

The enchanting system is built around early-game value, not infinite stacking. How far you can go depends on your profession (see Professions).

• A Blacksmith at an anvil, or an Enchanter at an enchanting table, can put up to 3 enchantments at level 3 on an item. Everyone else is limited to 2 at level 2. Infinity is gone from the table.
• Anvils can't combine two books, and can't push an item past your limit. They can still apply a high-level enchantment that wasn't there before.
• Conflicting combos are blocked: flame + infinity/mending on a bow, fire aspect + sharpness on a weapon.
• Repair and enchant cost scales with material tier: wood and gold are cheapest, diamond and netherite are pricier.
• Mind Potions bottle XP for trade or storage. Brew lapis + water → essence, then essence + amethyst → mind. Drinking it converts your XP into a Bottle o' Enchanting (and gives you 30s of hunger).
• Highly-enchanted gear and books still come from structures and fishing.

Villagers only buy, and never sell you anything. Selling your goods to them is how emeralds come into the world.

• Every villager stocks differently. Each one draws its own trades and keeps them for good, so it's worth finding a villager who wants what you make.
• A villager only buys cooked food made by an Innkeeper, gear made by a Blacksmith and potions made by an Alchemist.
• Wandering Traders only sell. Now and then, one carries an artisan material.
• You can leash villagers, which makes moving them much easier.

Nether travel doesn't work like vanilla. Portals are temporary, coordinates are 1:1, and exiting always sends you home.

• Light a portal in the Overworld and you have 30 seconds to enter. After that it breaks, consuming some obsidian. Frames must be exactly 3×2; larger ones won't activate.
• The Overworld and Nether map at 1:1, not 8:1. A matching portal opens for you on the Nether side automatically.
• Exiting any Nether portal returns you to your respawn banner (or spawn town). It does not return you to your original portal. Set a banner before you go in.

Every portal lighting opens its own End, shared by whoever goes through. The dragon fight has been reworked, and Phantoms now spawn here exclusively.

• Eyes of Ender are harder to craft: 1 ender pearl + 1 blaze powder + 1 wind charge + 1 echo shard + 1 prismarine shard. You'll be visiting the Nether, Trial Chambers, Ocean Monuments, and Ancient Cities to assemble it.
• Once a portal is filled, a 30-second countdown starts. Anyone who jumps in joins the same shared instance, then the portal closes permanently.
• Once everyone has left or died, the instance is deleted forever along with everything left inside. It survives while someone is online inside it, or logged out inside it within the past 2 days.
• The dragon fight spawns Ender Ghasts: smaller, tougher, more aggressive ghasts with new movement and targeting.
• Tamed wolves and cats travel between worlds with you automatically as long as they aren't sitting and stay nearby. Only players can use the End portal. Other entities are blocked.